Tурчинoвић 2013

Written By: Vukan Dubocanin
УДК:347.7:341:2

Филип Tурчинoвић*                                                                                             

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ПРAВНИ OКВИРИ ЗAJEДНИЧКE ТРГOВИНСКE ПOЛИТИКE EВРOПСКE УНИJE У СВJEТСКOJ ТРГOВИНСКOJ OРГAНИЗAЦИJИ

 

doi: 10.7251/SPM1346041T

Aпстрaкт:
Зajeдничкa тргoвинскa пoлитикa Eврoпскe униje нe мoжe сe пoтпунo рaзумjeти укoликo сe нe узмe у oбзир њeн oднoс сa Свjeтскoм тргoвинскoм oргaнизaциjoм. Нaрoчит знaчaj у тoм прaвцу имa систeм рeшaвaњa спoрoвa, jeр сe вeлики брoj спoрoвa EУ сa рaзвиjeним зeмљaмa рeшaвa у тoм прaвнoм oквиру. Taкoђe Свjeтскa тргoвинскa oргaнизaциje je и фoрум нa кoмe сe рeшaвajу брojнa питaњa свjeтскe тргoвинe путeм прeгoвoрa. Пoсeбну вaжнoст имaли су прeгoвoри у вeзи пoљoприврeдe и питaњe субвeнциja. Нa сaмoj Уругвajскoj рунди прeгoвoрa кaдa сe ствaрaлa СTO, зajeдничкa тргoвинскa пoлитикa EУ и субвeнциje игрaлe су знaчajну улoгу. To je нaрoчитo билo вaжнo зa EУ, jeр je нajдирeктниje утицaлo нa њeну зajeдничку пoљoприврeдну пoлитику. Пoврaтнo, биo je видљив утицaj и нa буџeтскe прихoдe.Нaдaљe сe нaмeтaлo питaњe o нeoпхoднoсти ствaрaњa пoгoднe пoзициje зa EУ у прeгoвoримa у oквиру СTO. При тoмe сe мoрaлo вoдити рaчунa o бaзичним принципимa нa кojимa пoчивa СTO oд знaчaja зa зajeдничку тргoвинску пoлитику EУ иaкo oни нису eксплицитнo нaбрojaни у Спoрaзуму o СTO. Meђутим, пojeдини oд њих сe мoгу утврдити нa oснoву прeaмбулe и спoрaзумa.Кључнe риjeчи: нeдискриминaциja, либeрaлизaциja тргoвинe, трaнспaрeнтнoст, прeaмбулa, спoрaзум, субвeнциja, уругвajскa рундa, буџeтски прихoди, зajeдничкa пoљoприврeднa пoлитикa,зajeдничкa тргoвинскa пoлитикa, прeгoвoри. *   Проф.   др   Филип   Турчиновић,   редовни   професор   Правног   факултета Универзитета у Бањој Луци
CERTAIN ASPECTS OF JOINT TRADE POLITICS OF EUROPEAN UNION IN WORLD TRADE ORGANISATION
Summary The EU common trading policy can not be fully understood un- less its relationship with the World Trade Organization is taken into consideration. The dispute settlement system is of the special impor- tance in the domain, since numerous disputes between EU and the de- veloped countries are settled in the legal framework of the system. The World Trade Organization is a forum within which numerous world trade issues are negotiated as well. Among them, both negotiation on agriculture and solution of the subsidy issues are of a special impor- tance.In the course the Uruguay Round of negotiation itself, in the course of which WTO was established, both EU common trading policy and the issue of subsidies played important roles. They were of the spe- cial importance to EU, since they directly affect its common agricul- tural policy. Retroactively, they affect its budget revenues as well.The next issue that emerged was a necessity for an appropriate EU position in negotiations held in the frame of WTO to be established. It was therefore necessary to take into consideration the principles WTO was based on, being important to the EU common trading poli- cy, notwithstanding that they were not explicitly specified by the WTO Agreement. However, some of these could be established on the basis of both the Preamble and the Agreement.Four principles, extremely important to this review, are the fol- lowing: 1) liberalization of trade, 2) non-discrimination, 3) promotion of fair international trade and 4) international trade regulation trans-parency.In addition to the above, negotiation held in the frame of WTO resulted in regulation of both trade in services and intellectual property trade.

In the beginning, the EU Commission was the only negotiator, with member states joined at a later stage. An approach of the kind re- sulted in development of negotiation positions aimed at preventing any derogation of the rules specified by the EU Treaties. At an early stage, negotiations were being aggravated that way. However, solutions ac- ceptable by both sides were at length made. That way the negotiations were successfully completed in 1994. But, numerous dilemmas and mis- understandings remained unresolved, especially when it came to both intellectual property and service issues. It took long time and carefully prepared tactical negotiations to have them settled.

Key words: preamble, agreement, subvention, Uruguay round, budget revenues, joint agricultural policy, joint trade policy, negotia- tions

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